Fortunately, there is no one single major or degree that is required to work in these industries. Social and human services professionals can go into different fields such as case management, advocacy, youth services, counseling/therapy, policy development, human resources, etc. Individuals with a variety of skills can find success in many roles across different industries. Consider building the following skills to prepare yourself for your career:

• Communication (written and oral)
• Development (fundraising and major gifts)
• Grant/proposal writing
• Volunteer/project management
• Foreign language proficiency
• Data analysis/modeling
• Counseling/listening skills
• Graphic design/videography

Practical skills

Practical skills are an essential part of positioning yourself as a highly-sought-after candidate. VCU has a partnership with LinkedIn Learning, formally Lynda.vcu.edu, to provide free skills training. Consider taking some of these recommended courses as a part of your training.

• Write Effective Learning Objectives
• Office 365: Excel Essential Training
• Grant Writing for Education
• Management Fundamentals
• Having Difficult Conversations
• Social Media for Nonprofits
• Nonprofit fundamentals
• Data Visualization Storytelling Fundamentals
• Producing Professional Podcasts
• Strategic Planning Fundamentals
• Writing Proposals
• Up and Running With Public Data Sets
• Print Production Essentials: Direct Mail
• Keynote: Using Photos and Videos Effectively for Great Presentations
• Up and Running with Online Survey

Resume

Your resume is your first — and sometimes only — opportunity to differentiate yourself from other candidates, so it’s important to spend time developing a well-tailored resume. Most hiring managers are trying to answer the following three questions while reviewing your documents:

• Can you do the job?
• Will you do the job?
• Will you fit in?

Think of the resume and cover letter as your opportunity to answer these questions while showcasing your different skills and talents. These documents are your first impression to an employer and are crucial elements in securing an interview. While varied experiences (i.e. internships, volunteer work, clubs, etc.) are important, it is equally vital that those experiences are formatted in a way that best illustrates your career journey.

See our resume guide and examples

Start with the job description

Perhaps the most important tip for making your documents stand out is to use industry lingo. Review the position description, highlight key words or phrases, and reflect that same terminology in your resume or cover letter. This shows you have done your research and are familiar with the culture of the industry.

Nonprofit experience

One of the best methods for getting involved with a nonprofit or social services organization is to start as a volunteer or intern. Highlight these experiences near the top of your resume or create a separate section if you’ve worked with multiple groups. Possible section headers could include “Volunteer Experience”, “Community Involvement”, or “Nonprofit Engagement”.

Academic coursework/projects

Don’t forget to highlight courses, group projects, or papers that are related to working at a nonprofit. Perhaps your group assignment was consulting with a local organization on a logo rebrand or to develop a communication strategy. Or maybe you’ve completed a course on counseling skills. These aspects of your academic career are valuable and are certainly worth highlighting on a resume or cover letter.

Cover letters

Your cover letter is meant to achieve two goals:

1. To demonstrate your genuine interest in the position
2. To explain why you are the MOST qualified person for the job

It’s tempting to fill your cover letter with clichés about work, commitment, etc. This will not help you set yourself apart. Instead, use your personality and tell your own story – honestly. Be specific about your skills and show them in action. Follow these general rules for writing a good cover letter.

• Keep the cover letter short (less than one page) and written in the tone of the organization.
• Tell the organization why their mission connects with the work you hope to do.
• Explain why you are the right person for the job and support it by discussing why you have some of the skills listed in the position description.
• Offer contact information and outline a plan to follow up (if able).
• If you are sending your files digitally to an employer, make sure to include your name and the words “cover letter” in the file name. It will make it easier for employers to locate your file (i.e. Last Name, First Name Cover Letter).

Review our cover letter guide

It’s always a good idea to have someone edit your cover letter before sending it. Make a career advising appointment, or visit us during drop-in hours for assistance.

Interviewing

Human services interviews come in all different shapes and sizes – one-on-one, phone, skype, group, project-based, etc. Similar to what you would experience while working for a nonprofit or social services group, one must always expect the unexpected. Depending on the size of the organization, you can expect one to two interviews before receiving a job offer.

If you’ve never interviewed before, explore our interview tips to learn the basics of a successful interview. Nearly all interviews contain two parts, common questions about your past experience and situation-based questions to gauge your fit for the position. Afterward, you’ll be given the opportunity to ask questions of the interviewer.

Sample questions

While you can’t control the interview format, you should be prepared to speak about your relevant skills and experiences. Take some time to reflect on what you’ve done and how you can fill this organization’s needs. How would you answer these sample interview questions?

• So why are you interested in working for a nonprofit?
• Describe a situation where you had to work with people from different cultures, what was that experience like?
• How will you manage volunteers successfully who are much older and more experienced than you?
• What experience do you have in fundraising or grant writing?
• What techniques do you use in crisis intervention work?
• What populations are you most comfortable working with and why?
• How do you go about locating community resources in a neighborhood in which you have no relationships?
• In your opinion, what are the greatest challenges/barriers to the population that this organization serves?

Practice

You’ll feel more comfortable during your interview with a little practice first. Big Interview is a web-based video platform that allows you to respond to a series of pre-recorded interview questions from your computer. Afterward, you will be able to review your recording to see how you did.

Have an interview coming up? Practice with one of our career advisors. Schedule a one-hour mock interview and we will show you how to answer likely interview questions and offer tips to help you make an excellent impression.

Experience matters. Fortunately, this industry offers numerous opportunities to build experience through volunteer work, shadowing opportunities and internships.

Explore

• Division of Community Engagement
• Student Leadership and Engagement
• Community Foundation Engagement Center
• Mental Health America Youth Programs
• Mental Health Virginia Volunteer Opportunities

Internships

Internships at human services agencies vary widely and depend on the type of work setting. Small community organizations or non-profits may accept rolling applications (without specific deadlines) when promoting positions as needed. Large organizations and government agencies may have deadlines as early as the fall semester between the months of October and November, prior to the start of a summer internship the following year. As a result, it is suggested that you research the hiring cycle for your desired work setting the year before the year you intend to intern.  Reach out to a human resources representative at the organization to inquire about their internship application process or use a resource such as LinkedIn or VCU Link to connect with a current employee that works at the organization in the area you would like to intern. Conducting an informational interview with someone in the field can also be a great way to learn more about the career path and develop an understanding of the hiring process for interns at their specific organization.

For the field of counseling specifically, the formal term “internship” is often reserved for graduate-level students in programs of social work, counselor education, or clinical and counseling psychology. Community service boards offer internships for bachelor-level students, although rare, in the fall as described in the previous paragraph. Bachelor-level students who wish to broaden their scope of opportunity to build experience in the field of counseling may do so by pursuing experiential opportunities in the form of volunteering, part-time jobs, and student organizations related to their service topic(s) or population(s) of interest.

• AmeriCorps
• Change Corp – Grassroots organizing
• Community Foundation Engagement Center
• CSB/BHA Directory - Virginia Association of Community Services Boards (VACSB)
• Visit Dominion Youth Services for information and explore their careers page for available opportunities.
• GoinGlobal
• Handshake
• Idealist Nonprofit Jobs & Internships
• LinkedIn
• National Alliance on Mental Illness
• Net Impact

Entry Level Pathway for Psychology & Human Service majors

Becoming a Qualified Mental Health Professional
If you would like to go into the mental health field but do not want to go to graduate school right away, you can explore the QMHP certification to explore the field and gain experience.

Watch this QMHP panel recording for additional information.

• QMHP Handout 

Explore different career pathways on O*NET

• Mental Health Counseling
• Clinical & Counseling Psychologists
• Community Psychologists
• Rehabilitation Counselors
• School Psychologists
• Human Service Assistant

KaZonte, Perinatal Social Worker, Mercy Health Partners

Bill, Trauma and Addictions Counselor

Larry, Targeted Case Manager Supervisor, Wilder Foundation